Izincazelo kanye nomehluko phakathi kobude bokugxilwa kwelensi, ibanga eligxile emuva, nebanga le-flange imi kanje:
Ubude bokugxila:Ubude obugxilile buyipharamitha ebalulekile ekuthwebuleni nasekubukeni okubhekisela ebangeni elisuka enkabeni yokubona yelensi ukuya endizeni yokucabanga (okungukuthi, indiza yenzwa yekhamera), ngokuvamile elinganiswa ngamamilimitha. Lesi silinganiso sidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni umbono nezici zokuthwebula ze-lens. Amalensi anobude bokugxila obuhlukahlukene abhekelela izidingo ezihlukene zezithombe nezimo. Isibonelo, amalensi anobude obufushane bokugxila, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi amalensi ane-engeli ebanzi, alungele ukuthwebula izigcawu ezinwebekayo njengezakhiwo zezakhiwo noma ububanzi bezwe. Lawa ma-lens ahlinzeka ngomkhakha wokubuka obanzi, ovumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bafake izinto eziningi ngaphakathi kohlaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubude bokugxila obujwayelekile, obufana no-50 mm, buguquguquka futhi bufaneleka kahle ukuthwebula izithombe ngenjongo evamile. Balingisa eduze umkhakha wokubuka weso lomuntu, okubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwezithombe ezimile, ukuthwebula izithombe zasemgwaqweni, nezimo zokudubula zansuku zonke. Ngokuphambene, amalensi amade obude bokugxila, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amalensi e-telephoto, enzelwe izifundo ezikude. Lawa ma-lens acindezela ibanga elicatshangwayo phakathi kwezinto, azenze zilungele ukuthwebula izilwane zasendle, imicimbi yezemidlalo, nanoma yisiphi isihloko esitholakala kude nomthwebuli wezithombe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubude bokugxila abuthinti kuphela umkhakha wokubuka kodwa buphinde buthinte ukujula kwenkambu nokuhlanekezela kwesithombe. Ubude bokugxila obufushane buvame ukukhiqiza izithombe ezinokujula okukhulu kwenkambu kanye nokuminyanisa okuncane, kuyilapho ubude bokugxila okude buphumela ekujuleni okungashoni kwenkambu kanye nemiphumela yokuminyanisa egqame kakhudlwana. Ukuqonda lezi zici kuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi bakhethe ilensi efanelekile yombono wabo wokudala othize.
I-Back Focal Distance (BFD): Ibanga eligxile emuva, elaziwa nangokuthi ubude obugxile emuva, likala ibanga ukusuka endaweni engemuva yesici sokugcina selensi ukuya endizeni yokucabanga (okungukuthi, indiza yenzwa yekhamera). Le pharamitha ibalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwamalensi ngoba ithinta ngokuqondile ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kanye nekhwalithi yokubona yelensi. Ngokuya ngobude bokugxila kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kwelensi, ibanga lokugxila elingemuva lingahluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, amalensi ane-engeli ebanzi avamise ukuba namabanga amafushane okugxila emuva ngenxa yedizayini yawo yokubona, ehlanganisa ukugoba imisebe yokukhanya kuma-engeli abukhali ukuze kuzuzwe inkambu yokubuka ebanzi. Ngokuphambene, amalensi e-telephoto adinga amabanga amade okugxila emuva ukuze ahambisane nezinhlelo zawo zokubona eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezibandakanya izakhi zamalensi amaningi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphambana nokuqinisekisa ukucijile kulo lonke uhlaka.
Ibanga eligxile emuva liphinde linqume indawo ebonakalayo etholakalayo yokubeka izingxenye ezengeziwe ngaphakathi kwelensi, njengama-diaphragms, izihlungi, noma izindlela zokuzinzisa. Ilensi eklanywe kahle kufanele ilinganisele ibanga eligxile emuva nezinye izici ezifana nesisindo, usayizi, kanye nezindleko ukuze ilethe ukusebenza okufanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibanga eligxile emuva lidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambisana phakathi kwamalensi nemizimba yekhamera, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa ama-adaptha akhethekile noma izisekeli.
Ibanga le-Flange:Ibanga le-flange lingelinye ipharamitha ebalulekile ezithombeni elimelela ibanga ukusuka endaweni evulekile yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-lens (okungukuthi, indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwelensi nomzimba wekhamera) ukuya endizeni yenzwa yekhamera. Lesi silinganiso sibalulekile ekugcineni ukuqondana okufanele phakathi kwelensi nenzwa yokuthwebula, ukuqinisekisa ukugxila okunembile kanye nokucijile ezithombeni ezithathiwe. Ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokukhweza efanayo, kokubili umzimba wekhamera namalensi abelana ngebanga elifanayo le-flange, okuqinisekisa ukuhlanganisa okungenazihibe nokusebenza okuphelele. Kodwa-ke, amasistimu okukhweza ahlukene angase abe namabanga ahlukene e-flange, okungadala izinselele lapho uzama ukusebenzisa amalensi aklanyelwe isistimu eyodwa kumzimba wekhamera osuka kwenye isistimu.
Izinhlelo zesimanje zamakhamera, ikakhulukazi amakhamera angenazibuko, ngokuvamile afaka amabanga amafushane ama-flange uma kuqhathaniswa nama-DSLR avamile. Lokhu kukhethwa komklamo kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ikhono lokudala amalensi amancane, alula kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokubona ngokubeka ama-elementi amalensi eduze kwenzwa. Ukwengeza, amakhamera angenasibuko anamabanga amafushane e-flange angakwazi ukumumatha amalensi anamabanga amade e-flange ngokusebenzisa izindandatho ze-adaptha. Lawa ma-adaptha avumela abathwebuli bezithombe ukuthi basebenzise anhlobonhlobo amalensi efa, bandise amathuba abo okudala futhi banikeze ukufinyelela ezicini ezihlukile zokubona okungenzeka zingatholakali kumalensi esimanje.
Umehluko Nokuxhumana Phakathi Kwazo:
Incazelo kanye Nomehluko Wamaphoyinti Okulinganisa: Ngayinye yale pharamitha ikala ibanga elihlukile elihlobene nelensi nesistimu yekhamera. Ubude bokugxila bulinganisa ibanga ukusuka enkabeni yokubona yelensi ukuya endizeni yokuthwebula, emelela okuyinhloko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-21-2025