1. Ukulungiswa Kwempahla:
Ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yezingxenye ze-optical. Ekwenziweni kwamanje kwe-optical, ingilazi ebonakalayo noma ipulasitiki ebonakalayo ivame ukukhethwa njengento eyinhloko. Ingilazi ye-Optical idume ngokudluliswa kwayo kokukhanya okuphakeme nokuzinza, ihlinzeka ngokusebenza okukhethekile kokubona ngokunemba okuphezulu nokusebenza okuphezulu njengezibonakhulu, izibonakude, namalensi ekhamera ephambili.
Zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa zihlolwa ikhwalithi eqinile ngaphambi kokungena ohlelweni lokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola amapharamitha angukhiye njengokubonisa ngale, i-homogeneity, kanye nenkomba ye-refractive ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthobelana nokucaciswa kwedizayini. Noma yikuphi ukonakala okuncane kungaholela ezithombeni ezihlanekezelwe noma ezifiphele, ezingafaka engozini ukusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngakho-ke, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kubalulekile ukugcina izinga eliphezulu kuqoqo ngalinye lezinto.
2. Ukusika nokubumba:
Ngokusekelwe ekucacisweni komklamo, imishini yokusika echwepheshile isetshenziselwa ukubumba ngokunembile impahla eluhlaza. Le nqubo idinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu, njengoba ngisho nokuchezuka okuncane kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo. Isibonelo, ekwenziweni kwamalensi okubona ngokunemba, amaphutha amancane angenza ukuthi ilensi yonke ingasebenzi. Ukuze kuzuzwe leli zinga lokunemba, ukukhiqiza okubonakalayo kwesimanje kuvame ukusebenzisa imishini yokusika ye-CNC ethuthukisiwe efakwe izinzwa ezinembayo eziphezulu nezinhlelo zokulawula ezikwazi ukunemba kwezinga le-micron.
Ukwengeza, izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokusika. Ngengilazi ye-optical, ubulukhuni bayo obuphezulu budinga izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvimbela ukuqhekeka nokwakheka kwemfucumfucu; kumapulasitiki okukhanya, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukugwema ukuguquguquka ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwezinqubo zokusika kanye nezilungiselelo zepharamitha kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngokuya ngezinto ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela emihle.
3. Ukugaya kanye Nokupholisha:
Ukugaya kahle kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye ze-optical. Kuhilela ukusebenzisa ingxube yezinhlayiya eziqhumayo namanzi ukuze kugaywe i-disk yesibuko, okuhloswe ngayo ukufeza izinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko: (1) ukufanisa eduze i-radius eklanyelwe; (2) ukuqeda umonakalo ongaphansi komhlaba. Ngokulawula ngokunembile usayizi wezinhlayiyana nokugxiliswa kwe-abrasive, umonakalo ongaphansi komhlaba ungancishiswa ngempumelelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokubona kwelensi. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukujiya kwesikhungo esifanele ukuze kunikeze umkhawulo owanele wokupholisha okulandelayo.
Ngemva kokugaywa kahle, ilensi iyapholishwa ukuze kufinyelelwe irediyasi ethile yokugoba, i-spherical irregularity, kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo kusetshenziswa idiski yokupholisha. Ngesikhathi sokupholishwa, irediyasi yelensi ilinganiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ilawulwe kusetshenziswa izifanekiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nezidingo zedizayini. I-Spherical irregularity ibhekisela ekuphazamisekeni okuphezulu okuvunyelwe kwe-wavefront eyindilinga, engalinganiswa ngesilinganiso sokuxhumana kwesifanekiso noma i-interferometry. Ukutholwa kwe-Interferometer kunikeza ukunemba okuphezulu nengqondo uma kuqhathaniswa nesampula yokulinganisa, encike kokuhlangenwe nakho komhloli futhi kungase kwethule amaphutha okulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukonakala kwendawo yamalensi njengokuklwebheka, i-pitting, namanotshi kufanele kuhlangabezane namazinga athile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina.
4. I-Centering (Ukulawulwa Kwe-Eccentricity noma Umehluko Wokuqina Okulinganayo):
Ngemva kokupholisha izinhlangothi zombili zelensi, unqenqema lwelensi lugaywa kahle emshinini okhethekile ukuze kufezwe imisebenzi emibili: (1) ukugaya ilensi kuze kufike ububanzi bayo bokugcina; (2) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-eksisi yokubona ihambisana ne-eksisi ewumshini. Le nqubo idinga amasu okugaya anembayo, izilinganiso ezinembile, nokulungiswa. Ukuqondanisa phakathi kwama-eksisi okubonayo nawemishini kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kokubona kwelensi, futhi noma yikuphi ukuchezuka kungabangela ukuhlanekezelwa kwesithombe noma ukulungiswa okuncishisiwe. Ngakho-ke, amathuluzi okulinganisa anembe kakhulu, njengama-laser interferometers namasistimu okuqondanisa okuzenzakalelayo, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqondana okuphelele phakathi kwezimbazo zokubona nezomshini.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugaya indiza noma i-chamfer ekhethekile ehleliwe ku-lens nakho kuyingxenye yenqubo yokubeka indawo. Lawa ma-chamfer athuthukisa ukunemba kokufaka, athuthukise amandla emishini, futhi avimbele ukulimala ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, i-centering ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwe-optical kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwelensi.
5. Ukwelashwa Kokumboza:
Ilensi epholishiwe ithola ukumbozwa ukuze kukhuliswe ukudluliswa kokukhanya nokunciphisa ukubukeka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yesithombe. Ukumboza kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwengxenye ye-optical, eshintsha izici zokusakaza ukukhanya ngokufaka ifilimu eyodwa noma amaningi amancane endaweni yelensi. Izinto zokumboza ezivamile zifaka i-magnesium oxide ne-magnesium fluoride, eyaziwa ngezici zazo ezinhle kakhulu zokubona kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali.
Inqubo yokumboza idinga ukulawula okunembile kwezilinganiso zezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nogqinsi lwefilimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesendlalelo ngasinye. Isibonelo, kuma-multilayer coatings, ukujiya kanye nenhlanganisela yezinto zezendlalelo ezihlukene kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukudlulisa futhi kunciphise ukulahlekelwa kokubonisa. Ukwengeza, okokumboza kungadlulisela imisebenzi ekhethekile yokubona, njengokumelana ne-UV kanye nokulwa nenkungu, ukwandisa ububanzi bokusebenza kwelensi nokusebenza kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-coating akubalulekile nje kuphela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-optical kodwa futhi kubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-23-2024